Yoga is an ancient practice with roots in India. It’s often viewed as a path to physical health, mental clarity, and spiritual growth. It’s perceived as serene, tranquil, and introspective. But for some, yoga and meditation has led to political awareness and activism. Do yoga and politics intersect?
I’ve been practicing yoga and meditation for close to 30 years. Over the years, I have become more and more politically active. Yoga and meditation have inspired this awakened sense of duty to the world around me. I have enjoyed this transformation in my life. That said, I have also noticed more and more yoga teachers maintain an apolitical stance or remain neutral. Why? Why do some feel more of a sense of responsibility than others? And is this sense of responsibility warranted? I decided to dig into the historical context of how yoga has been used for political movements and agendas. Here are a few examples I found.
Historical Context: Yoga and Politics
Historically, it seems yoga has always had intersecting social and political aspects. Ancient texts like the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali highlight the importance of ethical behavior via the Yamas and Niyamas. The Bhagavad Gita explores the importance of understanding one’s duty. It also examines societal roles, ethical leadership, and righteousness in the context of war. These all have political implications. Yoga, in this sense, may always have been intertwined with the socio-political landscape.
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi was an important figure in India’s struggle for independence from the British. He integrated yogic principles like Ahimsa (non-violence) and Satya (truth) into his political activism. This inspired non-violent resistance, civil disobedience, and peaceful protests in the fight for Indian independence. He emphasized self-discipline. He practiced fasting, simplicity, and ethical living. These practices mirror the Yamas and Niyamas of Patanjali (Pursuit by The University of Melbourne).
Side note and criticisms: Gandhi has been criticized for his views on race and his relationships with women. His early writings showed racial prejudice during his time in South Africa. He conducted celibacy experiments. He also exhibited controlling behavior towards his wife Kasturba. These actions are considered controversial (Pursuit by The University of Melbourne).
Swami Vivekananda
Swami Vivekananda was an important figure in introducing yoga to the West. He also played an important role in integrating yoga with political activism. He argued that the principles of yoga, especially discipline and self-awareness, were essential for social reform and national progress. He concentrated on education and selfless service. He urged others to apply their spiritual practices for unity. He encouraged them to drive social progress. This had a huge influence on the Indian independence movement and civic thought (Wikipedia, Encyclopedia Britannica).
Side note and criticisms: Vivekananda has been criticized for his perceived support of the caste system. He has also been criticized for his influence on Hindu nationalism. Some say that Vivekananda’s ideas laid the groundwork for Hindutva (Wikipedia).
Sri Aurobindo
Sri Aurobindo was a yogi and a political leader who advocated for Indian independence. Initially he was involved in radical political activities against British rule. Then he turned to spiritual practices and founded Integral Yoga. He linked his nationalist activities with his spiritual philosophy (Wikipedia). He then developed Integral Yoga, emphasizing the transformation of human life through spiritual practice (Encyclopedia Britannica). Aurobindo saw spiritual progress as essential for societal change (Wikipedia, CivilServiceIndia).
Krishnamacharya & The Maharaja of Mysore
T. Krishnamacharya’s teachings were fundamental. They were a part of a broader cultural revival. This effort aimed to preserve and promote Indian traditions during colonial rule. Krishnamacharya, (the father of modern yoga), was invited by the Maharaja of Mysore to teach yoga at the Mysore Palace. Here, Krishnamacharya trained a generation of boys in yoga, including influential figures like B.K.S. Iyengar, Pattabhi Jois, and T.K.V. Desikachar, who would go on to popularize yoga around the world. The sponsorship by the Maharaja of Mysore ensured the continuation of yogic traditions during a challenging time. It preserved these traditions despite British colonial rule and cultural suppression. This effort was a cultural act and a form of resistance against colonial influence (Encyclopedia Britannica).
These are just a few examples, but there are more. It’s clear yoga has historically intersected with political movements and activism. Despite that, there is a common misconception that yoga teachers are, or should be, apolitical or neutral. This misunderstanding often stems from the portrayal of yoga as a personal, inward-focused practice. It is aimed at achieving individual peace and well-being.
The commercialization and widespread adoption of yoga in the West have further contributed to this perception. This trend emphasizes physical fitness and relaxation over its philosophical and ethical teachings. Some teachers and practitioners avoid political discussions altogether. They prefer to maintain a neutral environment for all students. They fear that political statements might alienate or divide their community. However, this apolitical stance overlooks the historical and cultural context of yoga. Yoga involves active engagement with social issues. It also includes justice and equality.
Why Should Yoga Teachers Be More Political and Informed?
Mental Health in the Political: Political and community issues impact mental health. Issues like climate change, political instability, and social injustice contribute to anxiety, depression, and stress. Yoga teachers who know about these factors can provide better support. They can use targeted practices and have discussions that address these concerns.
Empathy and Inclusivity: Informed yoga teachers better empathize with their students’ experiences and challenges. Understanding the political and social context in which their students lives allows teachers to create more inclusive and supportive environments.
Inspiring Critical Thinking and Action: Yoga cultivates self-awareness and critical thinking. Yoga teachers can engage with current events. This can inspire students to think critically about the world. They can also think about their role in it. This can lead to meaningful actions, such as participating in community service. It can also inspire activism or simply being more mindful of the impact of their choices.
How can yoga teachers become more informed and make a difference in their communities by integrating yoga and politics?
- Professional Development: Continuous learning through workshops, courses, and seminars is essential. These activities help teachers stay updated with the latest educational strategies. They also address community needs.
- Community Involvement: Participating in local events, joining community organizations, and attending town hall meetings help teachers. These activities allow teachers to understand community issues. They also build relationships with families and local leaders. This helps teachers tailor their teaching to address the needs of their communities
- Parent-Teacher Associations (PTAs): Participation in PTAs helps teachers communicate regularly with parents. Teachers gain insights into the students’ home environments and the broader community. It’s a collaboration that can provide mutual support for student success
- Social Media and Online Platforms: Teachers can use social media and other online platforms to share educational content. They can also share community news and events. This helps teachers stay connected in their communities.
- Local Partnerships: Forming partnerships with local businesses, non-profits, and other organizations can provide additional resources and opportunities for students. These partnerships often lead to joint community initiatives that benefit both students and the wider community
By incorporating these practices, teachers can enhance their understanding of their communities. They can also contribute more effectively to local development. Additionally, they create a supportive and engaging learning environment for their students.
What about being more informed about politics?
Participating in Social Media and Forums: Joining social media groups and online forums related to global education and current events
Reading Diverse News Sources: Regularly reading a variety of reputable news outlets and websites like BBC, Al Jazeera, Middle East Eye, and Reuters have comprehensive coverage
Using Educational Websites: Websites like Electronic Intifada and World Economic Forum provide articles and analysis on current global issues
Joining Professional Organizations: Professional organizations like the National Education Association (NEA) or international groups like UNESCO provide resources, newsletters, and forums focused on global education topics
Attend Conferences and Webinars: Online and in-person conferences and webinars focused on global education are valuable. Organizations like the International Crisis Group offer events regularly. Also, the International Association of Risk and Crisis Communication provides webinars and conferences IARCC Webinars and Conferences.
Subscribing to Newsletters: Subscribing to newsletters from global think tanks and policy institutes like the Brookings Institution or the Council on Foreign Relations can provide regular updates and analysis on international affairs
Engaging in Online Courses: Platforms like Coursera, edX, and FutureLearn have courses on global issues, international relations, and world history, helping everyone deepen their understanding of global framework
By incorporating these practices into their routines, teachers can be well-informed about global events and integrate and enrich their students’ understanding of the world
Being an uninformed yoga teacher is not just unappealing—it’s a significant oversight. Yoga integrates physical postures with deep philosophical, ethical, and spiritual teachings. This lack of knowledge reduces yoga to mere exercise. It is stripped of its profound cultural and historical impact and significance. Embracing the full spectrum of yoga’s heritage and potential enhances teaching and profoundly impacts students’ lives and the community.
I’ve been speaking up for years (exhibit A, exhibit B, exhibit C) . It’s not easy and I’ve certainly made mistakes along the way but that’s how we learn.
Yoga challenges practitioners to live ethically, advocate for justice, and engage with the world meaningfully. While teachers shouldn’t fear speaking up or alienating anyone, advocating for justice and addressing controversial issues is crucial. Embracing this aspect of yoga enriches the practice. It makes yoga a powerful force for positive change in the world. This is true even if it involves difficult conversations and differing opinions. By understanding and embracing the political aspects of yoga, practitioners can contribute to a more just, inclusive, and compassionate society.
SPEAK UP!